# QGIS Plugin Builder

# Concepts

Plugin Builder provides you a working template from which you can create your own plugin.

The steps to using Plugin Builder are fairly simple:

1. Open the Plugin Builder from within QGIS

2. Fill out the required information for the selected plugin template, working your way through each step

3. Designate where to store your new plugin

4. Install the plugin using `pb_tool deploy`

5. Test it

# Running Plugin Builder

When you run Plugin Builder you will see a dialog with text fields. Each text field contains a hint inside it in greyed out text that will disappear when you start typing text into it. There is also a tooltip containing help information that will appear when you hover over each text field:

The descriptions give you a hint about what is required for each field. The following sections describe the required and optional parameters in greater detail.

## Plugin name and required information

Class name

  This is the name that will be used to create the Python class for your plugin. The name should be in CamelCase with no spaces. Plugin Builder will accept an all lower case class name but this should be avoided since it isn’t in line with Python coding style. Examples of valid class names are:

  - MyPlugin

  - PluginBuilder

  - ScriptRunner

Module name

  This is the name that will be used to create the Python module ( file) for your plugin. The name should be in lowercase with words separated using underscores. Plugin Builder will accept any case module name but this should be avoided since it isn’t in line with Python coding style. Examples of valid module names are:

  - detect_features

  - detector

Plugin name

  This is a title for your plugin and will be displayed in the QGIS plugin manager and the plugin installer. It will also be used as the menu name that appears in the QGIS Plugin menu. You can use the Class name, or make it more readable. Some examples:

  - My Plugin

  - Plugin Builder

  - ScriptRunner

Description

  This is a one line description of the plugin’s function and is displayed in both the Plugin Manager and Plugin Installer. Keep it short yet descriptive so the purpose of the plugin can be easily determined.

Version number

  This is the version number of your plugin. Plugin Builder suggests 0.1, but you can start with any number. The Plugin Installer uses the version number to identify which plugins you have installed are upgradeable so it is important to increment it as you release new versions.

Minimum QGIS version

  This is the minimum version of QGIS required for your plugin to work. If your plugin uses features only present in a newer version, be sure to set this field accordingly to prevent problems for those running older versions. Plugin Builder defaults this field to 4.0.

Maximum QGIS version

  This is the maximum version of QGIS your plugin is tested and known to work with. Plugin Builder defaults this field to 4.99, which effectively means “no upper limit within the QGIS 4.x series”. Only lower this value if you know your plugin is incompatible with newer QGIS releases.

Author/Company

  Put your name or company name here—this information is used in writing the copyright statement in the source files of your plugin, as well as being displayed in the Plugin Installer and on the QGIS plugin repository.

Email address

  Put an address where users of your plugin can contact you. This information is written to the copyright header of your source files and also displayed on the QGIS plugin repository listing for your plugin.

## About

About

  This is a long line description of the plugin’s function (purpose, function, requirements, etc.).

  This field is required.

## Template specific parameters

Template

  Choose which type of plugin you want to create.

  There are currently three templates available:

  - Tool button with dialog

  - Tool button with dock widget

  - Processing provider

For the default template “Tool button with dialog” you get the following parameter fields:

Text for the menu item

  This is the text that will appear in the menu. In the example below, the plugin name is Frog Pond and the text for the menu item is displayed to the right of it:

  In general you shouldn’t use the same text for the plugin name and the menu item; if you do your menu will look like this:

Menu

  Choose an appropriate location for your plugin’s menu based on its main functionality. This will place your menu under one of the following main menus:

  > - Plugins

  > - Database

  > - Raster

  > - Vector

  > - Web

  If none of the specific categories apply (Database, Raster, Vector, Web), choose Plugins. Your choice is also written to the category field in metadata.txt.

## Additional components

The Plugin Builder addes several additional components to your plugin, which are recommended, but not strictly required.

Internationalization

  A stub for adding translated texts to your plugin.

Help

  Creates a Sphinx template for generating a HTML help. See Documenting your Plugin for more information.

Unit tests

  Creates a basic set of unit tests for your plugin.

Makefile

  Adds a Makefile for building your plugin with GNU make. See Using the Makefile for more information.

pb_tool

  Generates a configuration for pb_tool, a Python command line tool for compiling and deploying QGIS plugins on Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows.

  It is strongly recommended that you use `pb_tool` rather than `make` for building and deploying your plugins.

  See Using pb_tool for more information.

qgis-plugin-ci (GitHub Actions release workflow)

  Generates a `.github/workflows/release.yml` that publishes your plugin to the QGIS plugin repository automatically when you create a GitHub Release. Selecting this option also generates a `.qgis-plugin-ci` configuration file.

  See CI/CD Configuration for the required setup steps.

qgis-plugin-ci (GitLab CI release pipeline)

  Generates a `.gitlab-ci.yml` that publishes your plugin to the QGIS plugin repository automatically when you push a git tag. Selecting this option also generates a `.qgis-plugin-ci` configuration file.

  See CI/CD Configuration for the required setup steps.

## Publication information

There are several fields that you should seriously consider completing when publishing a new plugin. This will help ensure your plugin is accepted and users can be successful using it.

Bug tracker

  A URL pointing to the bug/issue tracker for your plugin. You can create a project with issue tracking for your plugin(s) at GitHub or GitLab.

Home page

  The URL of the home page for your plugin. This can be the same as the project page you create on github.com, gitlab.com, or a site of your own.

Repository

  The URL of the source code repository for your plugin. This allows others submit patches and improvements for your approval, as well as providing you with the benefit of source code control. Consider using GitHub or GitLab to store your code.

Tags

  Tags are a comma separated list of keywords describing the function(s) of your plugin. You can enter your own or select from a list of tags by clicking the button to the right of the “Tags” field.

  You can create a customized list of tags to use instead of the standard set by creating a plain text file named .plugin_tags.txt in your home directory. The file should contain a single tag per line. For example:

      composer
      csv
      database

Experimental

  Check this box if your plugin is considered experimental, meaning it is either incomplete or may cause unintended consequences. This allows users to filter out experimental plugins in the Plugin Installer if they choose not to live on the bleeding edge.

## CI/CD Configuration

If you selected either CI/CD option on the additional components page, an extra step collects the information needed to configure the release automation. You can select GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, or both.

GitHub organisation

  Your GitHub organisation or username (e.g. `myorg`). Required when the GitHub Actions option is checked. Used in the generated `.qgis-plugin-ci` configuration file.

Project slug

  The repository name on your chosen platform (e.g. `my-plugin`). If your repository URL is a standard GitHub or GitLab URL, this field is pre-filled automatically.

GitLab namespace

  Your GitLab group or username (e.g. `mygroup`). Required when the GitLab CI option is checked. Used in the generated `.qgis-plugin-ci` configuration file.

### Generated files

Option | Files generated | Trigger
--- | --- | ---
GitHub Actions | `.github/workflows/release.yml`, `.qgis-plugin-ci`, `.gitattributes` | Create a GitHub Release
GitLab CI | `.gitlab-ci.yml`, `.qgis-plugin-ci`, `.gitattributes` | Push a git tag (e.g. `git tag v1.0 && git push --tags`)
Both | All of the above (single `.qgis-plugin-ci` with both slugs) | Either trigger above

Note

The token API requires your plugin to already exist on plugins.qgis.org. Upload your first release manually using `OSGEO_USER` and `OSGEO_PASSWORD` (see the alternative below), then switch to token auth for subsequent releases.

Once your plugin is registered, create a plugin-specific token at `https://plugins.qgis.org/plugins/<package_name>/tokens/create/` and add it as `QGIS_PLUGIN_TOKEN`:

- GitHub — Settings → Secrets and variables → Actions → New repository secret

- GitLab — Settings → CI/CD → Variables → Add variable

Alternative: replace `--qgis-token $QGIS_PLUGIN_TOKEN` in the generated workflow file with `--osgeo-username $OSGEO_USER --osgeo-password $OSGEO_PASSWORD` and add those secrets instead.

# Generating

Choose the location for your generated plugin. Once you select the directory, the complete path for your plugin is displayed.

When you click Generate, Plugin Builder will attempt to build your `resources.py` file using `rcc`.

If `rcc` is not found in your path, you’ll see:

If the compilation fails, you’ll have to compile it manually as shown in the results dialog.

# Results

Once generated, Plugin Builder displays the results:

The results dialog tells you where your plugin was saved, the location of your QGIS plugin directory, and what to do next. This same information is contained in the `README.html` and `README.txt` files in your generated plugin directory.

# Resource files

Resource files (`*.qrc`) define media assets such as icons and images used in your plugin. Compiling a resource file is optional — the recommended approach is to reference assets directly using `os.path`:

    icon_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'icon.png')
    icon = QIcon(icon_path)

This keeps assets as ordinary files alongside your plugin source and avoids the need to run `rcc` at build time.

If you prefer to use Qt’s resource system, compile your `.qrc` file using the `rcc` utility that comes with your Qt installation:

    rcc -g python resources.qrc -o resources.py

# Deploying

To deploy your new plugin during development, you have two choices:

1. Copy the entire plugin directory to your QGIS plugins directory

2. Use the `QGIS_PLUGINPATH` environment variable to point to the directory where your development plugin(s) are located

## The Copy Method

To deploy in this fashion, simply copy your plugin directory to the location of your QGIS plugins. By platform, this location is found in your home directory under:

- Linux:

    `.local/share/QGIS/QGIS4/profiles/default/python/plugins`

- Mac OS X:

    `Library/Application Support/QGIS/QGIS4/profiles/default/python/plugins`

- Windows:

    `AppData\Roaming\QGIS\QGIS4\profiles\default\python\plugins`

Since each plugin must be contained in its own subdirectory, make sure you copy the directory, not the files in the directory.

Using `pb_tool` will automatically detect the proper location to place your plugin when you use:

    pb_tool deploy

If your operating system supports GNU make, you can use the deploy target of the Makefile in your plugin directory:

    make deploy

## The Environment Variable Method

Using the `QGIS_PLUGINPATH` environment variable you can tell QGIS to look in an additional location for plugins. This can be handy for development, allowing you to test your plugin without copying it to `.local/share/QGIS/QGIS4/profiles/default/python/plugins`.

To use this method, set the `QGIS_PLUGINPATH` environment variable to point to your development directory before starting QGIS. When QGIS starts up, all the directories in `QGIS_PLUGINPATH` will be searched and those containing valid plugins will be added to the Plugin Manager.

# Testing

With your new plugin deployed, start up QGIS, open the Plugin Manager, and enable it. Then click on the tool or the menu item for the plugin to run it. If all is well, you should see something similar to this:

If the plugin throws an error make sure you have compiled the resource file before deploying and testing.

Once the generated plugin is working it’s your turn to customize the user interface and add the needed code to make it do something useful.

# Using pb_tool

pb_tool is a Python command line tool for compiling and deploying QGIS plugins on Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows.

## Features

pb_tool provides commands to aid in developing, testing, and deploying a QGIS Python Plugin:

- Compile resource and UI files

- Deploy to your plugins directory for testing in QGIS

- Create a zip file for upload to a repository

- Clean both compiled and deployed files

- Build and clean documentation

- Build translation files

- Works on Windows, OS X, and Linux

## Installation

You can install the tool using pip:

> pip install pb_tool

To upgrade to the latest version, use:

> pip install –upgrade pb_tool

## Usage

pb_tool requires a configuration file in order to do anything. Plugin Builder creates a working configuration file for you. By default, pb_tool assumes a file name of pb_tool.cfg, although you can specify a different one using the `--config` options in most commands.

To display the available commands, just enter pb_tool on the command line:

    $ pb_tool
    Usage: pb_tool [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...

      Simple Python tool to compile and deploy a QGIS plugin. For help on a
      command use --help after the command: pb_tool deploy --help.

      pb_tool requires a configuration file (default: pb_tool.cfg) that declares
      the files and resources used in your plugin. Plugin Builder creates
      a config file when you generate a new plugin template.

      See http://jonah-sullivan.github.io/plugin_build_tool for for an example config
      file. You can also use the create command to generate a best-guess config
      file for an existing project, then tweak as needed.

    Options:
      --help  Show this message and exit.

    Commands:
      clean       Remove compiled resource and ui files
      clean_docs  Remove the built HTML help files from the...
      compile     Compile the resource and ui files
      create      Create a config file based on source files in...
      dclean      Remove the deployed plugin from the...
      deploy      Deploy the plugin to QGIS plugin directory...
      doc         Build HTML version of the help files using...
      list        List the contents of the configuration file
      translate   Build translations using lrelease.
      validate    Check the pb_tool.cfg file for mandatory...
      version     Return the version of pb_tool and exit
      zip         Package the plugin into a zip file suitable...

For more information on using pb_tool, see: https://jonah-sullivan.github.io/plugin_build_tool

# Using the Makefile

Note

The Makefile is provided for legacy compatibility. `pb_tool` is the recommended way to compile and deploy your plugin.

The Makefile can be used to compile and deploy your plugin on systems that support GNU make.

# Documenting your Plugin

Plugin Builder optionally creates a Sphinx project for you in the `help` subdirectory of your plugin. To build the documentation you will need to install Sphinx using pip. Once installed, you can build the documentation using `make doc` or change to the `help` subdirectory and use `make html` (this works on any platform).

Sphinx supports building other formats, including latex, text, qthelp, and epub.

Of course you need to actually write something to document your plugin by editing `help/source/index.rst`.

Once your documentation is complete you can distribute it with your plugin, as well as publishing it on a website. You can also add a Help button to the button box group on the dialog and connect it to a method to show your help file in the user’s default web browser. See the code in `pluginbuilder.py` for an example.

For an example of writing your documentation using Sphinx, you can view the source of this document.

# The Repository

When your plugin is ready to be shared with the QGIS community, upload it to the QGIS plugin repository at http://plugins.qgis.org/plugins. Make sure to package it properly in zip format and test the zip before adding it to the repository.

When you add it to the repository, your plugin will show up in the Plugin Installer in QGIS, making it available for download and install by the community.