from __future__ import division

from ..Qt import QtGui, QtCore
import numpy as np
import collections
from .. import functions as fn
from .. import debug as debug
from .GraphicsObject import GraphicsObject
from ..Point import Point
from .. import getConfigOption


__all__ = ['ImageItem']


class ImageItem(GraphicsObject):
    """
    **Bases:** :class:`GraphicsObject <pyqtgraph.GraphicsObject>`
    
    GraphicsObject displaying an image. Optimized for rapid update (ie video display).
    This item displays either a 2D numpy array (height, width) or
    a 3D array (height, width, RGBa). This array is optionally scaled (see 
    :func:`setLevels <pyqtgraph.ImageItem.setLevels>`) and/or colored
    with a lookup table (see :func:`setLookupTable <pyqtgraph.ImageItem.setLookupTable>`)
    before being displayed.
    
    ImageItem is frequently used in conjunction with 
    :class:`HistogramLUTItem <pyqtgraph.HistogramLUTItem>` or 
    :class:`HistogramLUTWidget <pyqtgraph.HistogramLUTWidget>` to provide a GUI
    for controlling the levels and lookup table used to display the image.
    """
    
    sigImageChanged = QtCore.Signal()
    sigRemoveRequested = QtCore.Signal(object)  # self; emitted when 'remove' is selected from context menu
    
    def __init__(self, image=None, **kargs):
        """
        See :func:`setImage <pyqtgraph.ImageItem.setImage>` for all allowed initialization arguments.
        """
        GraphicsObject.__init__(self)
        self.menu = None
        self.image = None   ## original image data
        self.qimage = None  ## rendered image for display
        
        self.paintMode = None
        
        self.levels = None  ## [min, max] or [[redMin, redMax], ...]
        self.lut = None
        self.autoDownsample = False
        
        self.axisOrder = getConfigOption('imageAxisOrder')
        
        # In some cases, we use a modified lookup table to handle both rescaling
        # and LUT more efficiently
        self._effectiveLut = None
        
        self.drawKernel = None
        self.border = None
        self.removable = False
        
        if image is not None:
            self.setImage(image, **kargs)
        else:
            self.setOpts(**kargs)

    def setCompositionMode(self, mode):
        """Change the composition mode of the item (see QPainter::CompositionMode
        in the Qt documentation). This is useful when overlaying multiple ImageItems.
        
        ============================================  ============================================================
        **Most common arguments:**
        QtGui.QPainter.CompositionMode_SourceOver     Default; image replaces the background if it
                                                      is opaque. Otherwise, it uses the alpha channel to blend
                                                      the image with the background.
        QtGui.QPainter.CompositionMode_Overlay        The image color is mixed with the background color to 
                                                      reflect the lightness or darkness of the background.
        QtGui.QPainter.CompositionMode_Plus           Both the alpha and color of the image and background pixels 
                                                      are added together.
        QtGui.QPainter.CompositionMode_Multiply       The output is the image color multiplied by the background.
        ============================================  ============================================================
        """
        self.paintMode = mode
        self.update()
        
    def setBorder(self, b):
        self.border = fn.mkPen(b)
        self.update()
        
    def width(self):
        if self.image is None:
            return None
        axis = 0 if self.axisOrder == 'col-major' else 1
        return self.image.shape[axis]
        
    def height(self):
        if self.image is None:
            return None
        axis = 1 if self.axisOrder == 'col-major' else 0
        return self.image.shape[axis]

    def channels(self):
        if self.image is None:
            return None
        return self.image.shape[2] if self.image.ndim == 3 else 1

    def boundingRect(self):
        if self.image is None:
            return QtCore.QRectF(0., 0., 0., 0.)
        return QtCore.QRectF(0., 0., float(self.width()), float(self.height()))

    def setLevels(self, levels, update=True):
        """
        Set image scaling levels. Can be one of:
        
        * [blackLevel, whiteLevel]
        * [[minRed, maxRed], [minGreen, maxGreen], [minBlue, maxBlue]]
            
        Only the first format is compatible with lookup tables. See :func:`makeARGB <pyqtgraph.makeARGB>`
        for more details on how levels are applied.
        """
        if levels is not None:
            levels = np.asarray(levels)
        if not fn.eq(levels, self.levels):
            self.levels = levels
            self._effectiveLut = None
            if update:
                self.updateImage()
        
    def getLevels(self):
        return self.levels
        #return self.whiteLevel, self.blackLevel

    def setLookupTable(self, lut, update=True):
        """
        Set the lookup table (numpy array) to use for this image. (see 
        :func:`makeARGB <pyqtgraph.makeARGB>` for more information on how this is used).
        Optionally, lut can be a callable that accepts the current image as an 
        argument and returns the lookup table to use.
        
        Ordinarily, this table is supplied by a :class:`HistogramLUTItem <pyqtgraph.HistogramLUTItem>`
        or :class:`GradientEditorItem <pyqtgraph.GradientEditorItem>`.
        """
        if lut is not self.lut:
            self.lut = lut
            self._effectiveLut = None
            if update:
                self.updateImage()

    def setAutoDownsample(self, ads):
        """
        Set the automatic downsampling mode for this ImageItem.
        
        Added in version 0.9.9
        """
        self.autoDownsample = ads
        self.qimage = None
        self.update()

    def setOpts(self, update=True, **kargs):
        if 'axisOrder' in kargs:
            val = kargs['axisOrder']
            if val not in ('row-major', 'col-major'):
                raise ValueError('axisOrder must be either "row-major" or "col-major"')
            self.axisOrder = val
        if 'lut' in kargs:
            self.setLookupTable(kargs['lut'], update=update)
        if 'levels' in kargs:
            self.setLevels(kargs['levels'], update=update)
        #if 'clipLevel' in kargs:
            #self.setClipLevel(kargs['clipLevel'])
        if 'opacity' in kargs:
            self.setOpacity(kargs['opacity'])
        if 'compositionMode' in kargs:
            self.setCompositionMode(kargs['compositionMode'])
        if 'border' in kargs:
            self.setBorder(kargs['border'])
        if 'removable' in kargs:
            self.removable = kargs['removable']
            self.menu = None
        if 'autoDownsample' in kargs:
            self.setAutoDownsample(kargs['autoDownsample'])
        if update:
            self.update()

    def setRect(self, rect):
        """Scale and translate the image to fit within rect (must be a QRect or QRectF)."""
        self.resetTransform()
        self.translate(rect.left(), rect.top())
        self.scale(rect.width() / self.width(), rect.height() / self.height())

    def clear(self):
        self.image = None
        self.prepareGeometryChange()
        self.informViewBoundsChanged()
        self.update()

    def setImage(self, image=None, autoLevels=None, **kargs):
        """
        Update the image displayed by this item. For more information on how the image
        is processed before displaying, see :func:`makeARGB <pyqtgraph.makeARGB>`
        
        =================  =========================================================================
        **Arguments:**
        image              (numpy array) Specifies the image data. May be 2D (width, height) or 
                           3D (width, height, RGBa). The array dtype must be integer or floating
                           point of any bit depth. For 3D arrays, the third dimension must
                           be of length 3 (RGB) or 4 (RGBA). See *notes* below.
        autoLevels         (bool) If True, this forces the image to automatically select 
                           levels based on the maximum and minimum values in the data.
                           By default, this argument is true unless the levels argument is
                           given.
        lut                (numpy array) The color lookup table to use when displaying the image.
                           See :func:`setLookupTable <pyqtgraph.ImageItem.setLookupTable>`.
        levels             (min, max) The minimum and maximum values to use when rescaling the image
                           data. By default, this will be set to the minimum and maximum values 
                           in the image. If the image array has dtype uint8, no rescaling is necessary.
        opacity            (float 0.0-1.0)
        compositionMode    See :func:`setCompositionMode <pyqtgraph.ImageItem.setCompositionMode>`
        border             Sets the pen used when drawing the image border. Default is None.
        autoDownsample     (bool) If True, the image is automatically downsampled to match the
                           screen resolution. This improves performance for large images and 
                           reduces aliasing. If autoDownsample is not specified, then ImageItem will
                           choose whether to downsample the image based on its size.
        =================  =========================================================================
        
        
        **Notes:**        
        
        For backward compatibility, image data is assumed to be in column-major order (column, row).
        However, most image data is stored in row-major order (row, column) and will need to be
        transposed before calling setImage()::
        
            imageitem.setImage(imagedata.T)
            
        This requirement can be changed by calling ``image.setOpts(axisOrder='row-major')`` or
        by changing the ``imageAxisOrder`` :ref:`global configuration option <apiref_config>`.
        
        
        """
        profile = debug.Profiler()

        gotNewData = False
        if image is None:
            if self.image is None:
                return
        else:
            gotNewData = True
            shapeChanged = (self.image is None or image.shape != self.image.shape)
            image = image.view(np.ndarray)
            if self.image is None or image.dtype != self.image.dtype:
                self._effectiveLut = None
            self.image = image
            if self.image.shape[0] > 2**15-1 or self.image.shape[1] > 2**15-1:
                if 'autoDownsample' not in kargs:
                    kargs['autoDownsample'] = True
            if shapeChanged:
                self.prepareGeometryChange()
                self.informViewBoundsChanged()

        profile()

        if autoLevels is None:
            if 'levels' in kargs:
                autoLevels = False
            else:
                autoLevels = True
        if autoLevels:
            img = self.image
            while img.size > 2**16:
                img = img[::2, ::2]
            mn, mx = np.nanmin(img), np.nanmax(img)
            # mn and mx can still be NaN if the data is all-NaN
            if mn == mx or np.isnan(mn) or np.isnan(mx):
                mn = 0
                mx = 255
            kargs['levels'] = [mn,mx]

        profile()

        self.setOpts(update=False, **kargs)

        profile()

        self.qimage = None
        self.update()

        profile()

        if gotNewData:
            self.sigImageChanged.emit()

    def dataTransform(self):
        """Return the transform that maps from this image's input array to its
        local coordinate system.
        
        This transform corrects for the transposition that occurs when image data
        is interpreted in row-major order.
        """
        # Might eventually need to account for downsampling / clipping here
        tr = QtGui.QTransform()
        if self.axisOrder == 'row-major':
            # transpose
            tr.scale(1, -1)
            tr.rotate(-90)
        return tr

    def inverseDataTransform(self):
        """Return the transform that maps from this image's local coordinate
        system to its input array.
        
        See dataTransform() for more information.
        """
        tr = QtGui.QTransform()
        if self.axisOrder == 'row-major':
            # transpose
            tr.scale(1, -1)
            tr.rotate(-90)
        return tr

    def mapToData(self, obj):
        tr = self.inverseDataTransform()
        return tr.map(obj)

    def mapFromData(self, obj):
        tr = self.dataTransform()
        return tr.map(obj)

    def quickMinMax(self, targetSize=1e6):
        """
        Estimate the min/max values of the image data by subsampling.
        """
        data = self.image
        while data.size > targetSize:
            ax = np.argmax(data.shape)
            sl = [slice(None)] * data.ndim
            sl[ax] = slice(None, None, 2)
            data = data[sl]
        return np.nanmin(data), np.nanmax(data)

    def updateImage(self, *args, **kargs):
        ## used for re-rendering qimage from self.image.
        
        ## can we make any assumptions here that speed things up?
        ## dtype, range, size are all the same?
        defaults = {
            'autoLevels': False,
        }
        defaults.update(kargs)
        return self.setImage(*args, **defaults)

    def render(self):
        # Convert data to QImage for display.
        
        profile = debug.Profiler()
        if self.image is None or self.image.size == 0:
            return
        
        # Request a lookup table if this image has only one channel
        if self.image.ndim == 2 or self.image.shape[2] == 1:
            if isinstance(self.lut, collections.Callable):
                lut = self.lut(self.image)
            else:
                lut = self.lut
        else:
            lut = None

        if self.autoDownsample:
            # reduce dimensions of image based on screen resolution
            o = self.mapToDevice(QtCore.QPointF(0,0))
            x = self.mapToDevice(QtCore.QPointF(1,0))
            y = self.mapToDevice(QtCore.QPointF(0,1))

            # Check if graphics view is too small to render anything
            if o is None or x is None or y is None:
                return

            w = Point(x-o).length()
            h = Point(y-o).length()
            if w == 0 or h == 0:
                self.qimage = None
                return
            xds = max(1, int(1.0 / w))
            yds = max(1, int(1.0 / h))
            axes = [1, 0] if self.axisOrder == 'row-major' else [0, 1]
            image = fn.downsample(self.image, xds, axis=axes[0])
            image = fn.downsample(image, yds, axis=axes[1])
            self._lastDownsample = (xds, yds)
            
            # Check if downsampling reduced the image size to zero due to inf values.
            if image.size == 0:
                return
        else:
            image = self.image

        # if the image data is a small int, then we can combine levels + lut
        # into a single lut for better performance
        levels = self.levels
        if levels is not None and levels.ndim == 1 and image.dtype in (np.ubyte, np.uint16):
            if self._effectiveLut is None:
                eflsize = 2**(image.itemsize*8)
                ind = np.arange(eflsize)
                minlev, maxlev = levels
                levdiff = maxlev - minlev
                levdiff = 1 if levdiff == 0 else levdiff  # don't allow division by 0
                if lut is None:
                    efflut = fn.rescaleData(ind, scale=255./levdiff, 
                                            offset=minlev, dtype=np.ubyte)
                else:
                    lutdtype = np.min_scalar_type(lut.shape[0]-1)
                    efflut = fn.rescaleData(ind, scale=(lut.shape[0]-1)/levdiff,
                                            offset=minlev, dtype=lutdtype, clip=(0, lut.shape[0]-1))
                    efflut = lut[efflut]
                
                self._effectiveLut = efflut
            lut = self._effectiveLut
            levels = None
        
        # Convert single-channel image to 2D array
        if image.ndim == 3 and image.shape[-1] == 1:
            image = image[..., 0]
        
        # Assume images are in column-major order for backward compatibility
        # (most images are in row-major order)
        if self.axisOrder == 'col-major':
            image = image.transpose((1, 0, 2)[:image.ndim])
        
        argb, alpha = fn.makeARGB(image, lut=lut, levels=levels)
        self.qimage = fn.makeQImage(argb, alpha, transpose=False)

    def paint(self, p, *args):
        profile = debug.Profiler()
        if self.image is None:
            return
        if self.qimage is None:
            self.render()
            if self.qimage is None:
                return
            profile('render QImage')
        if self.paintMode is not None:
            p.setCompositionMode(self.paintMode)
            profile('set comp mode')

        shape = self.image.shape[:2] if self.axisOrder == 'col-major' else self.image.shape[:2][::-1]
        p.drawImage(QtCore.QRectF(0,0,*shape), self.qimage)
        profile('p.drawImage')
        if self.border is not None:
            p.setPen(self.border)
            p.drawRect(self.boundingRect())

    def save(self, fileName, *args):
        """Save this image to file. Note that this saves the visible image (after scale/color changes), not the original data."""
        if self.qimage is None:
            self.render()
        self.qimage.save(fileName, *args)

    def getHistogram(self, bins='auto', step='auto', perChannel=False, targetImageSize=200, 
                     targetHistogramSize=500, **kwds):
        """Returns x and y arrays containing the histogram values for the current image.
        For an explanation of the return format, see numpy.histogram().
        
        The *step* argument causes pixels to be skipped when computing the histogram to save time.
        If *step* is 'auto', then a step is chosen such that the analyzed data has
        dimensions roughly *targetImageSize* for each axis.
        
        The *bins* argument and any extra keyword arguments are passed to 
        np.histogram(). If *bins* is 'auto', then a bin number is automatically
        chosen based on the image characteristics:
        
        * Integer images will have approximately *targetHistogramSize* bins, 
          with each bin having an integer width.
        * All other types will have *targetHistogramSize* bins.
        
        If *perChannel* is True, then the histogram is computed once per channel
        and the output is a list of the results.
        
        This method is also used when automatically computing levels.
        """
        if self.image is None or self.image.size == 0:
            return None, None
        if step == 'auto':
            step = (max(1, int(np.ceil(self.image.shape[0] / targetImageSize))),
                    max(1, int(np.ceil(self.image.shape[1] / targetImageSize))))
        if np.isscalar(step):
            step = (step, step)
        stepData = self.image[::step[0], ::step[1]]
        
        if bins == 'auto':
            mn = np.nanmin(stepData)
            mx = np.nanmax(stepData)
            if np.isnan(mn) or np.isnan(mx):
                # the data are all-nan
                return None, None
            if stepData.dtype.kind in "ui":
                # For integer data, we select the bins carefully to avoid aliasing
                step = np.ceil((mx-mn) / 500.)
                bins = np.arange(mn, mx+1.01*step, step, dtype=np.int)
            else:
                # for float data, let numpy select the bins.
                bins = np.linspace(mn, mx, 500)
            
            if len(bins) == 0:
                bins = [mn, mx]

        kwds['bins'] = bins

        if perChannel:
            hist = []
            for i in range(stepData.shape[-1]):
                stepChan = stepData[..., i]
                stepChan = stepChan[np.isfinite(stepChan)]
                h = np.histogram(stepChan, **kwds)
                hist.append((h[1][:-1], h[0]))
            return hist
        else:
            stepData = stepData[np.isfinite(stepData)]
            hist = np.histogram(stepData, **kwds)
            return hist[1][:-1], hist[0]

    def setPxMode(self, b):
        """
        Set whether the item ignores transformations and draws directly to screen pixels.
        If True, the item will not inherit any scale or rotation transformations from its
        parent items, but its position will be transformed as usual.
        (see GraphicsItem::ItemIgnoresTransformations in the Qt documentation)
        """
        self.setFlag(self.ItemIgnoresTransformations, b)
    
    def setScaledMode(self):
        self.setPxMode(False)

    def getPixmap(self):
        if self.qimage is None:
            self.render()
            if self.qimage is None:
                return None
        return QtGui.QPixmap.fromImage(self.qimage)
    
    def pixelSize(self):
        """return scene-size of a single pixel in the image"""
        br = self.sceneBoundingRect()
        if self.image is None:
            return 1,1
        return br.width()/self.width(), br.height()/self.height()
    
    def viewTransformChanged(self):
        if self.autoDownsample:
            self.qimage = None
            self.update()

    def mouseDragEvent(self, ev):
        if ev.button() != QtCore.Qt.LeftButton:
            ev.ignore()
            return
        elif self.drawKernel is not None:
            ev.accept()
            self.drawAt(ev.pos(), ev)

    def mouseClickEvent(self, ev):
        if ev.button() == QtCore.Qt.RightButton:
            if self.raiseContextMenu(ev):
                ev.accept()
        if self.drawKernel is not None and ev.button() == QtCore.Qt.LeftButton:
            self.drawAt(ev.pos(), ev)

    def raiseContextMenu(self, ev):
        menu = self.getMenu()
        if menu is None:
            return False
        menu = self.scene().addParentContextMenus(self, menu, ev)
        pos = ev.screenPos()
        menu.popup(QtCore.QPoint(pos.x(), pos.y()))
        return True

    def getMenu(self):
        if self.menu is None:
            if not self.removable:
                return None
            self.menu = QtGui.QMenu()
            self.menu.setTitle("Image")
            remAct = QtGui.QAction("Remove image", self.menu)
            remAct.triggered.connect(self.removeClicked)
            self.menu.addAction(remAct)
            self.menu.remAct = remAct
        return self.menu
        
    def hoverEvent(self, ev):
        if not ev.isExit() and self.drawKernel is not None and ev.acceptDrags(QtCore.Qt.LeftButton):
            ev.acceptClicks(QtCore.Qt.LeftButton) ## we don't use the click, but we also don't want anyone else to use it.
            ev.acceptClicks(QtCore.Qt.RightButton)
        elif not ev.isExit() and self.removable:
            ev.acceptClicks(QtCore.Qt.RightButton)  ## accept context menu clicks

    def tabletEvent(self, ev):
        pass
        #print(ev.device())
        #print(ev.pointerType())
        #print(ev.pressure())
    
    def drawAt(self, pos, ev=None):
        pos = [int(pos.x()), int(pos.y())]
        dk = self.drawKernel
        kc = self.drawKernelCenter
        sx = [0,dk.shape[0]]
        sy = [0,dk.shape[1]]
        tx = [pos[0] - kc[0], pos[0] - kc[0]+ dk.shape[0]]
        ty = [pos[1] - kc[1], pos[1] - kc[1]+ dk.shape[1]]
        
        for i in [0,1]:
            dx1 = -min(0, tx[i])
            dx2 = min(0, self.image.shape[0]-tx[i])
            tx[i] += dx1+dx2
            sx[i] += dx1+dx2

            dy1 = -min(0, ty[i])
            dy2 = min(0, self.image.shape[1]-ty[i])
            ty[i] += dy1+dy2
            sy[i] += dy1+dy2

        ts = (slice(tx[0],tx[1]), slice(ty[0],ty[1]))
        ss = (slice(sx[0],sx[1]), slice(sy[0],sy[1]))
        mask = self.drawMask
        src = dk
        
        if isinstance(self.drawMode, collections.Callable):
            self.drawMode(dk, self.image, mask, ss, ts, ev)
        else:
            src = src[ss]
            if self.drawMode == 'set':
                if mask is not None:
                    mask = mask[ss]
                    self.image[ts] = self.image[ts] * (1-mask) + src * mask
                else:
                    self.image[ts] = src
            elif self.drawMode == 'add':
                self.image[ts] += src
            else:
                raise Exception("Unknown draw mode '%s'" % self.drawMode)
            self.updateImage()
        
    def setDrawKernel(self, kernel=None, mask=None, center=(0,0), mode='set'):
        self.drawKernel = kernel
        self.drawKernelCenter = center
        self.drawMode = mode
        self.drawMask = mask

    def removeClicked(self):
        ## Send remove event only after we have exited the menu event handler
        self.removeTimer = QtCore.QTimer()
        self.removeTimer.timeout.connect(self.emitRemoveRequested)
        self.removeTimer.start(0)

    def emitRemoveRequested(self):
        self.removeTimer.timeout.disconnect(self.emitRemoveRequested)
        self.sigRemoveRequested.emit(self)
