# mmdflatzone
Flat-zone image simplification by connected filtering.

## Description

This experiment illustrates the flat zone extension property of connected filters. The flat zones of an image is the set of the largest connected components with identical intensity values. The main property of the connected filter is that every flat zone of the input image is included in a flat zone of the output image.
This example was kindly provided by Prof. Jose Crespo from Facultad de Informatica of Universidad Politecnica de Madrid and adapted from CrScSeGrMe:98.

## Demo Script

### Reading

The input image is read.

    >>> a = mmreadgray('cameraman.tif')

    >>> mmshow(a)

a |

### Flat zone computation

Obtain the flat zones (8-connectivity) and compute its number. The number of flat zones is determined by the maximum labeling value ( starting from flat zone one).

    >>> b = mmlabelflat(a,mmsebox())

    >>> nfz=mmstats(b,'max')

    >>> print nfz

    43268.0

    >>> mmshow(a)

    >>> mmlblshow(b)

a | b |

### Flat zone extension using connected filter

Apply the alternating sequential filter by reconstruction with increasing sizes. They constitute a connected pyramid.

    >>> c=mmasfrec(a,'CO',mmsebox(),mmsebox(),2)

    >>> d=mmasfrec(a,'CO',mmsebox(),mmsebox(),4)

    >>> e=mmasfrec(a,'CO',mmsebox(),mmsebox(),16)

    >>> mmshow(c)

    >>> mmshow(d)

    >>> mmshow(e)

c | d |

e |

### Flat zone visualization and counting

These figures show the image simplification in a connected pyramid. Notice how the shapes are well preserved along the scale space. The number of flat zones at each level of the pyramid are computed to illustrate the flat zone number reduction.

    >>> c_lab=mmlabelflat(c,mmsebox())

    >>> d_lab=mmlabelflat(d,mmsebox())

    >>> e_lab=mmlabelflat(e,mmsebox())

    >>> print mmstats(c_lab,'max')

    15509.0

    >>> print mmstats(d_lab,'max')

    11990.0

    >>> print mmstats(e_lab,'max')

    5648.0

    >>> mmlblshow(c_lab)

    >>> mmlblshow(d_lab)

    >>> mmlblshow(e_lab)

c_lab | d_lab |

e_lab |

### Flat zone inclusion property

In this experiment we select a particular flat zone, the flat zone to which the pixel (90,60) belongs, and display it at each level of the connected pyramid. Notice the flat zone inclusion property.

    >>> c_v=c_lab[89,59]

    >>> c_flat=mmcmp(c_lab,'==',c_v)

    >>> d_v=d_lab[89,59]

    >>> d_flat=mmcmp(d_lab,'==',d_v)

    >>> e_v=e_lab[89,59]

    >>> e_flat=mmcmp(e_lab,'==',e_v)

    >>> mmshow(a,e_flat,d_flat,c_flat)

a,e_flat,d_flat,c_flat |

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Copyright (c) 2003, Roberto A. Lotufo, UNICAMP-University of Campinas; Rubens C. Machado, CenPRA-Renato Archer Research Center.