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# Source code for safe.engine.impact_functions_for_testing.itb_fatality_model_org

    from safe.impact_functions.core import FunctionProvider
    from safe.impact_functions.core import get_hazard_layer, get_exposure_layer
    from safe.impact_functions.core import get_question
    from safe.storage.raster import Raster
    from safe.common.utilities import ugettext as tr
    from safe.common.tables import Table, TableRow

    import numpy

    # This was the original version, producing a map of fatalities.
    # Howeve, the active one has evolved so that the map is
    # showing displacement. Also, the individual fatality numbers
    # per MMI band is retained in the original for testing purposes

    class ITBFatalityFunctionOrg(FunctionProvider):
        """Indonesian Earthquake Fatality Model

        This model was developed by Institut Tecknologi Bandung (ITB) and
        implemented by Dr Hadi Ghasemi, Geoscience Australia

        Reference:

        Indonesian Earthquake Building-Damage and Fatality Models and
        Post Disaster Survey Guidelines Development,
        Bali, 27-28 February 2012, 54pp.

        Algorithm:

        In this study, the same functional form as Allen (2009) is adopted
        to express fatality rate as a function of intensity (see Eq. 10 in the
        report). The Matlab built-in function (fminsearch) for  Nelder-Mead
        algorithm is used to estimate the model parameters. The objective
        function (L2G norm) that is minimised during the optimisation is the
        same as the one used by Jaiswal et al. (2010).

        The coefficients used in the indonesian model are
        x=0.62275231, y=8.03314466, zeta=2.15

        Allen, T. I., Wald, D. J., Earle, P. S., Marano, K. D., Hotovec, A. J.,
        Lin, K., and Hearne, M., 2009. An Atlas of ShakeMaps and population
        exposure catalog for earthquake loss modeling, Bull. Earthq. Eng. 7,
        701-718.

        Jaiswal, K., and Wald, D., 2010. An empirical model for global earthquake
        fatality estimation, Earthq. Spectra 26, 1017-1037.

        Caveats and limitations:

        The current model is the result of the above mentioned workshop and
        reflects the best available information. However, the current model
        has a number of issues listed below and is expected to evolve further
        over time.

        1 - The model is based on limited number of observed fatality
            rates during 4 past fatal events.
        2 - The model clearly over-predicts the fatality rates at
            intensities higher than VIII.
        3 - The model only estimates the expected fatality rate for a given
            intensity level; however the associated uncertainty for the proposed
            model is not addressed.
        4 - There are few known mistakes in developing the current model:
            - rounding MMI values to the nearest 0.5,
            - Implementing Finite-Fault models of candidate events, and
            - consistency between selected GMPEs with those in use by BMKG.
              These issues will be addressed by ITB team in the final report.

        :author Hadi Ghasemi
        :rating 3

        :param requires category=='hazard' and \
                        subcategory=='earthquake' and \
                        layertype=='raster' and \
                        unit=='MMI'

        :param requires category=='exposure' and \
                        subcategory=='population' and \
                        layertype=='raster'

        """

        title = tr('Die')

        def run(self, layers):
            """Indonesian Earthquake Fatality Model

            Input
              layers: List of layers expected to contain
                  H: Raster layer of MMI ground shaking
                  P: Raster layer of population density

            """

            # Establish model coefficients
            x = 0.62275231
            y = 8.03314466

            # Tolerance for transparency
            tolerance = 0.01

            # Extract input layers
            intensity = get_hazard_layer(layers)
            population = get_exposure_layer(layers)

            question = get_question(intensity.get_name(),
                                    population.get_name(),
                                    self)

            # Extract data grids
            H = intensity.get_data()   # Ground Shaking
            P = population.get_data()  # Population Density

            # Calculate population affected by each MMI level
            # FIXME (Ole): this range is 2-9. Should 10 be included?
            mmi_range = range(2, 10)
            number_of_exposed = {}
            number_of_fatalities = {}

            # Calculate fatality rates for observed Intensity values (H
            # based on ITB power model
            R = numpy.zeros(H.shape)
            for mmi in mmi_range:

                # Identify cells where MMI is in class i
                mask = (H > mmi - 0.5) * (H <= mmi + 0.5)

                # Count population affected by this shake level
                I = numpy.where(mask, P, 0)

                # Calculate expected number of fatalities per level
                fatality_rate = numpy.power(10.0, x * mmi - y)
                F = fatality_rate * I

                # Sum up numbers for map
                R += F   # Fatalities

                # Generate text with result for this study
                # This is what is used in the real time system exposure table
                number_of_exposed[mmi] = numpy.nansum(I.flat)
                number_of_fatalities[mmi] = numpy.nansum(F.flat)

            # Set resulting layer to NaN when less than a threshold. This is to
            # achieve transparency (see issue #126).
            R[R < tolerance] = numpy.nan

            # Total statistics
            total = int(round(numpy.nansum(P.flat) / 1000) * 1000)

            # Compute number of fatalities
            fatalities = int(round(numpy.nansum(number_of_fatalities.values())
                                   / 1000)) * 1000

            # Generate impact report
            table_body = [question,
                          TableRow([tr('Groundshaking (MMI)'),
                                    tr('# people exposed')],
                                   header=True)]

            # Table of people exposed to each shake level
            for mmi in mmi_range:
                s = str(int(number_of_exposed[mmi]))
                row = TableRow([mmi, s])
                table_body.append(row)

            # Add table of fatalities per mmi level (for testing)
            table_body.append(TableRow([tr('Groundshaking (MMI)'),
                                        tr('# Fatalities')],
                                       header=True))
            for mmi in mmi_range:
                s = str(int(number_of_fatalities[mmi]))
                row = TableRow([mmi, s])
                table_body.append(row)

            # Add total fatality estimate
            s = str(int(fatalities)).rjust(10)
            table_body.append(TableRow([tr('Number of fatalities'), s],
                                       header=True))

            # Add estimate of total population in area
            s = str(int(total)).rjust(10)
            table_body.append(TableRow([tr('Total number of people'), s],
                                       header=True))

            table_body.append(TableRow(tr('Action Checklist:'), header=True))
            if fatalities > 0:
                table_body.append(tr('Are there enough victim identification '
                                     'units available for %i people?') %
                                     fatalities)

            table_body.append(TableRow(tr('Notes'), header=True))
            table_body.append(tr('Fatality model is from '
                                'Institute of Teknologi Bandung 2012.'))
            table_body.append(tr('Population numbers rounded to nearest 1000.'))

            impact_summary = Table(table_body).toNewlineFreeString()
            impact_table = impact_summary
            map_title = tr('Earthquake impact to population')

            # Create style info dynamically
            classes = numpy.linspace(numpy.nanmin(R.flat[:]),
                                     numpy.nanmax(R.flat[:]), 5)

            style_classes = [dict(colour='#EEFFEE', quantity=classes[0],
                                  transparency=100,
                                  label=tr('%.2f people/cell') % classes[0]),
                             dict(colour='#FFFF7F', quantity=classes[1],
                                  transparency=30),
                             dict(colour='#E15500', quantity=classes[2],
                                  transparency=30,
                                  label=tr('%.2f people/cell') % classes[2]),
                             dict(colour='#E4001B', quantity=classes[3],
                                  transparency=30),
                             dict(colour='#730000', quantity=classes[4],
                                  transparency=30,
                                  label=tr('%.2f people/cell') % classes[4])]
            style_info = dict(target_field=None,
                              style_classes=style_classes)

            # Create new layer and return
            L = Raster(R,
                       projection=population.get_projection(),
                       geotransform=population.get_geotransform(),
                       keywords={'impact_summary': impact_summary,
                                 'total_population': total,
                                 'total_fatalities': fatalities,
                                 'impact_table': impact_table,
                                 'map_title': map_title},
                       name=tr('Estimated fatalities'),
                       style_info=style_info)

            # Maybe return a shape file with contours instead
            return L

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